The superior caval system is mainly affected by compressive pathologies at the level of the subclavian vein (superior thoracic outlet syndromes) while the inferior caval system is mainly affected by thrombotic pathologies (deep vein thrombosis, i.e. deep or internal phlebitis).
The superficial venous system of the lower limbs belongs to the inferior vena cava system and is the site of a very widespread disease represented by varicose veins of the lower limbs.
The venous system can also be affected by other diseases, both congenital and acquired.

To prevent, control and treat the symptoms and signs of venous insufficiency and varicose veins of the lower limbs (see image) it is necessary to know the risk factors, symptoms and possible therapies .

 

When to see a doctor?

- When you feel itchy on your ankle or it has a discoloration

brownish and the skin tends to crack.

- When signs of phlebitis appear (pain, redness, swelling, itching).

- When leg pain with varicose veins becomes persistent and annoying.

A medical visit is always necessary both for information and advice on correct lifestyle hygiene, and to evaluate the opportunity of surgical intervention to remove varicose veins or for other forms of intervention.
This would allow patients to be treated early, without waiting for the onset of pain and/or skin lesions.
Long-term outcomes will be better, provided that varicose veins are treated early and in a targeted manner, and that surveillance has been rigorous and effective.